A nominal cup diameter is not automatically its effective area under the stated gripping condition.
Identify the theoretical force boundary
Schmalz defines theoretical holding force using pressure difference and effective suction area, without its application safety factors. Preserve that boundary. Primary reference: Schmalz holding-force definition.
Record the actual effective area basis rather than automatically calculating from an outside dimension. The contact surface, load direction and motion duty then need their own application evidence. An ideal normal-force result alone is not a permitted payload or a complete assessment of lateral gripping behavior.
An invented effective-area calculation
Assume an effective area of 24 cm², which is 0.0024 m², and a pressure difference of 60 kPa. The ideal normal-force contribution is 60,000×0.0024 =144 N. If the assumed effective area were 18 cm² at the same difference, the model would give 108 N. These invented areas describe no HM cup or catalog dimensions.
Keep pressure location, effective area source, calculated ideal contribution and application requirements in separate worksheet rows. A force value should remain connected to its conditions; it should not be relabelled as kilograms of approved carried product.
Review the actual grip configuration
Ask the supplier how the selected cups, surface and movement satisfy the real gripping requirement. Preserve any load sharing, friction, deformation and relevant fault conditions in the applicable assessment rather than choosing a universal multiplier from an unrelated example.
If the product surface or cup arrangement changes, revisit the effective-area and duty evidence. This guide supplies a conditional force comparison to clarify a quotation; it selects no cup or lifting capacity and gives no installed handling instruction. Complete gripping suitability requires the actual assembly and application basis.
Customer Questions
Is outside diameter always the effective suction area?
No. Retain the applicable area definition.
Does 144 N establish an approved payload?
No. It is an ideal example contribution.
Does normal force settle lateral gripping duty?
No. Assess the complete contact and load conditions.
Primary References
These references support the technical principles discussed in this guide. The worked examples and review questions are educational.
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